Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie b 123 (2021)

The sexually non-dimorphic species of the Anotylus exasperatus species group (formerly Rimba Blackwelder, 1952) are distributed in SE Asia from Nepal to Vietnam, and to the Philippines and Lombok. Twenty-four valid species are recognized in this subgroup, of which 20 are described here as new: A. analepticus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. bolmorum sp.n. (Philippines: Luzon), A. crepidatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. cyzicus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. deductus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sarawak), A. erratus sp.n. (Indonesia: Sumatra), A. fusoideus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. gagatinus sp.n. (Indonesia: Java), A. hauriens sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. intuitus sp.n. (Indonesia: Java), A. jaechi sp.n. (Indonesia: Bali), A. kurbatovi sp.n. (Myanmar: Shan State), A. lagreanus sp.n. (Laos: Bolikhamxai), A. laobianus sp.n. (China: Yunnan), A. loricatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. nepalensis sp.n. (E-Nepal), A. shavrini sp.n. (Philippines: Mindanao), A. tangotadosi sp.n. (Indonesia: Sulawesi), A. ustulosus sp.n. (Indonesia: Sulawesi) and A. velatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah). Lectotypes are designated for Delopsis cornuta Fauvel, 1895, D. flavicornis Cameron, 1928 and D. microphthalma Fauvel, 1904. In an appendix a species of problematic (possibly intermediate) affiliation, A. pingbianus sp.n. (China: Yunnan) is described. All the new species are illustrated by colour habitus photos, male and female genitalia and terminalia by line drawings.
Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae, Anotylus, Delopsis, Rimba, taxonomy, lectotypes, new species, key, Oriental Region.

Zusammenfassung
Die Arten der Anotylus exasperatus Artengruppe ohne Sexualdimorphismus (früher Rimba Blackwelder, 1952) sind in Südostasien von Nepal über Vietnam bis zu den Philippinen und Lombok verbreitet. Die Gruppe enthält 24 valide Arten, von denen 20 hier neu beschrieben werden: A. analepticus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. bolmorum sp.n. (Philippinen: Luzon), A. crepidatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. cyzicus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. deductus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sarawak), A. erratus sp.n. (Indonesien: Sumatra), A. fusoideus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. gagatinus sp.n. (Indonesien: Java), A. hauriens sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. intuitus sp.n. (Indonesien: Java), A. jaechi sp.n. (Indonesien: Bali), A. kurbatovi sp.n. (Myanmar: Shan State), A. lagreanus sp.n. (Laos: Bolikhamxai), A. laobianus sp.n. (China: Yunnan), A. loricatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah), A. nepalensis sp.n. (O-Nepal), A. shavrini sp.n. (Philippinen: Mindanao), A. tangotadosi sp.n. (Indonesien: Sulawesi), A. ustulosus sp.n. (Indonesien: Sulawesi) und A. velatus sp.n. (Malaysia: Sabah). Lectotypen werden designiert für Delopsis cornuta Fauvel, 1895, D. flavicornis Cameron, 1928 und D. microphthalma Fauvel, 1904. Eine Art mit ungewisser Zugehörigkeit, A. pingbianus sp.n. (China: Yunnan) wird in einem Appendix beschrieben. Habitus, männliche und weibliche Genitalien sowie Terminalia werden durch Farbfotos und Strichzeichnungen dargestellt.

A comparative morphology-based study of types and additional material of species previously assigned to Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, Tectusa Bernhauer, 1899, and various other genera of Oxypodina results in numerous taxonomic changes. Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902, previously a synonym of Tectusa, is revalidated. The genus has a Holarctic distribution and currently includes 33 described species, 20 species in the West Palaearctic (including Middle Asia), twelve in the East Palaearctic, and two species (one of them probably native in the West Palaearctic) in the Nearctic region. The validity of two species, one from North Europe and one from Japan, requires confirmation and one name is treated as a tentative synonym. Ten of the West Palaearctic species are micropterous or submacropterous and have restricted distributions, whereas the remainder is macropterous and more or less widespread. Tectusa presently includes 41 described species, all of them micropterous and with restricted distributions, with the vast majority confined to mountain ranges in the Balkans. The genus is most likely polyphyletic. However, with the type material of several species (including the type species of available genus-group names) currently inaccessible, this issue will have to be addressed in a future revision. New combinations are proposed for all the species previously in Tetralaucopora and some previously in Tectusa or other genera, nine names are synonymized, and one name is preserved according to Article 23.9 of the Code (ICZN 1999): Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902 = Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, resyn.; Parocyusa antennata (Eppelsheim, 1878), comb.n.; P. baicalensis (Eppelsheim, 1893), comb.n. = beijingensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n., = hebeiensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n.; P. bicolorata (Assing, 2007), comb.n.; P. caligula (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. carnica Lohse, 1988; P. championi (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. crebrepunctata (Strand, 1962), comb.n.; P. fuliginosa (Casey, 1906), comb.n.; P. germana (Cameron, 1939), comb.n. = rougemonti (Pace, 1986), syn.n.; P. hartmanni (Pace, 2013), comb.n. (ex Ocalea); P. holdhausi (Bernhauer, 1902); P. japonica (Cameron, 1933), comb.n.; P. knabli (Bernhauer, 1914) = tirolensis Scheerpeltz, 1958, syn.n.; P. lebedevi (Bernhauer, 1928), comb.n. = bucharica (Bernhauer, 1928), syn.n.; P. longicollis (Eppelsheim, 1889), comb.n.; P. longitarsis (Erichson, 1839), comb.n., nomen protectum = attenuata (Stephens, 1832), nomen oblitum, = syriaca (Saulcy, 1865), syn.n.; P. montana (Kraatz, 1856), comb.n.; P. ripicola (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. rubicunda (Erichson, 1837), comb.n. = cingulata (Kraatz, 1856), syn.n.; P. schuelkei (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. strupiiana Scheerpeltz, 1958; P. subcyanea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. yakouensis (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Ocyusa); P. yunnanensis (Pace, 1993), comb.n.; "Ocyusa” fuscobrunnea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; “Cousya” quadrisulcata (Bernhauer, 1935) = nepalensis Pace, 2006, syn.n.; Oxypoda sinonigra (Pace, 2017), comb.n.; Oxypoda besucheti Focarile, 1982. Numerous species of Parocyusa and Tectusa are (re-) described and illustrated, among them 19 new taxa (nine of Parocyusa and ten of Tectusa): Parocyusa dilatata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); P. gilvipennis sp.n. (Kazakhstan); P. gonggaica sp.n. (China: Sichuan); P. gracillima sp.n. (South Turkey); P. kahleni sp.n. (South Slovenia); P. maculipennis sp.n. (Northwest Iran); P. matarata sp.n. (South Iran); P. spinosa sp.n. (China: Gansu); P. virilis sp.n. (Caucasus region: Russia, Armenia); Tectusa acrilobata sp.n (Erimanthos); T. apanoica sp.n. (Menalo); T. chelmosica sp.n. (Aroania); T. fimbriata sp.n. (Panahaiko); T. latilobata sp.n. (Giona, Iti, Parnassos); T. menaloica sp.n. (Menalo); T. parnonica sp.n. (Parnon); T. pauli sp.n. (Aroania); T. taygetana sp.n. (Taygetos); T. vodiasa sp.n. (Panahaiko). All the newly described Tectusa species are distributed in Greece and, except for T. latilobata, all of them in the Pelopónnisos. The Carpathian and one Anatolian species previously attributed to Tectusa are moved to the genus Duplocyusa gen.n. (type species Oxypoda uludaghensis Fagel, 1971), with the Carpathian species in the subgenus Carpocyusa subgen.n. (type species Tectusa nigromontis Zerche, 2007): Duplocyusa (Duplocyusa) uludaghensis Fagel, 1971, comb.n.; Duplocyusa (Carpocyusa) nigromontis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) bucegiensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) transsylvanica (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rosenauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) ceahlauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rodnaensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) calimaniensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n.; D. (C.) iucasensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n. In an appendix on miscellaneous genera of Oxypodina, the following revalidation, synonymies, and new combinations are proposed, and five species are described: Eurylophus J. Sahlberg, 1876, revalidated = Drepasiagonusa Pace, 2012, syn.n.; Eurylophus grandiceps J. Sahlberg, 1876, comb.n. = feldmanni (Assing, 2018), syn.n.; Eurylophus smetanai (Pace, 2012), comb.n.; E. procerus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. tibeticus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. angulatus (Assing, 2018), comb.n. (all Eurylophus species except E. grandiceps ex Drepasiagonusa); “Cousya” lobifera Pace, 2015 (probably belonging to an undescribed genus); Cousya luteipennis sp.n. (Uzbekistan); Parocalea tenebricosa sp.n. (Russian Far East); Trichoglossina taiwafimbriata (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Oxypoda); Trichoglossina retunsa sp.n. (China: Yunnan); T. tricuspidata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); Chinecousya globosa sp.n. (China: Yunnan). Lectotypes are designated for Chilopora antennata Eppelsheim, 1878, C. baicalensis Eppelsheim, 1893, C. ripicola Cameron, 1939, and C. championi Cameron, 1939. The distributions of Parocyusa rubicunda, a species with evidently parthenogenetic populations in large parts of its range, and of 17 species of Tectusa are mapped. Numerous new records are reported.
Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Oxypodini, Oxypodina, Parocyusa, Tetralaucopora, Tectusa, Palaearctic region, Holarctic region, new genera, new subgenera, new species, new combinations, new synonymies, revalidation, lectotype designations, distribution, catalogues, parthenogenesis, new records, distribution maps.

Zusammenfassung
Eine vergleichend-morphologische Untersuchung von Typen und weiterem Material von Arten, die bislang Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, Tectusa Bernhauer, 1899 und verschiedenen anderen Gattungen der Oxypodina zugeordnet wurden, ergab zahlreiche taxonomische Änderungen. Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902, zuvor Synonym von Tectusa, wird revalidiert. Die Gattung ist holarktisch verbreitet und enthält derzeit 33 beschriebene Arten, von denen zwei in der Nearktis (eine davon wahrscheinlich adventiv und ursprünglich westpaläarktisch), 20 Arten in der Westpaläarktis (einschließlich Mittelasien) und zwölf in der Ostpaläarktis vorkommen. Ein Name wird vorläufig als Synonym betrachtet. Zehn der westpaläarktischen Arten haben reduzierte Hinterflügel und sind regional endemisch, während die übrigen Arten geflügelt und mehr oder weniger weit verbreitet sind. Tectusa enthält 41 beschriebene, durchweg ungeflügelte und endemische Arten, die mit wenigen Ausnahmen auf dem Balkan verbreitet sind. Die Gattung ist wahrscheinlich polyphyletisch. Allerdings ist das Typenmaterial einer Reihe von Arten (darunter die Typusarten der verfügbaren Namen der Gattungsgruppe) derzeit nicht zugänglich, so dass genauere Untersuchungen und sich daraus ergebende nomenklatorische Änderungen einer zukünftigen Revision vorbehalten bleiben. Für alle zuvor Tetralaucopora und einige Tectusa oder anderen Gattungen zugeordnete Arten ergeben sich neue Binomina, neun Namen werden synonymisiert und ein Name wird durch Anwendung von Artikel 23.9 (ICZN 1999) konserviert:Parocyusa Bernhauer, 1902 = Tetralaucopora Bernhauer, 1928, resyn.; Parocyusa antennata (Eppelsheim, 1878), comb.n.; P. baicalensis (Eppelsheim, 1893), comb.n. = beijingensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n., = hebeiensis (Pace, 1999), syn.n.; P. bicolorata (Assing, 2007), comb.n.; P. caligula (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. carnica Lohse, 1988; P. championi (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. crebrepunctata (Strand, 1962), comb.n.; P. fuliginosa (Casey, 1906), comb.n.; P. germana (Cameron, 1939), comb.n. = rougemonti (Pace, 1986), syn.n.; P. hartmanni (Pace, 2013), comb.n. (ex Ocalea); P. holdhausi (Bernhauer, 1902); P. japonica (Cameron, 1933), comb.n.; P. knabli (Bernhauer, 1914) = tirolensis Scheerpeltz, 1958, syn.n.; P. lebedevi (Bernhauer, 1928), comb.n. = bucharica (Bernhauer, 1928), syn.n.; P. longicollis (Eppelsheim, 1889), comb.n.; P. longitarsis (Erichson, 1839), comb.n., nomen protectum = attenuata (Stephens, 1832), nomen oblitum, = syriaca (Saulcy, 1865), syn.n.; P. montana (Kraatz, 1856), comb.n.; P. ripicola (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. rubicunda (Erichson, 1837), comb.n. = cingulata (Kraatz, 1856), syn.n.; P. schuelkei (Assing, 1996), comb.n.; P. strupiiana Scheerpeltz, 1958; P. subcyanea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; P. yakouensis (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Ocyusa); P. yunnanensis (Pace, 1993), comb.n.; "Ocyusa” fuscobrunnea (Cameron, 1939), comb.n.; “Cousya” quadrisulcata (Bernhauer, 1935) = nepalensis Pace, 2006, syn.n.; Oxypoda sinonigra (Pace, 2017), comb.n.; Oxypoda besucheti Focarile, 1982. Zahlreiche Arten der Gattungen Parocyusa und Tectusa werden beschrieben (oder redeskribiert) und abgebildet, darunter 19 neue Taxa (neun Parocyusa- und zehn Tectusa-Arten): Parocyusa dilatata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); P. gilvipennis sp.n. (Kasachstan); P. gonggaica sp.n. (China: Sichuan); P. gracillima sp.n. (Südtürkei); P. kahleni sp.n. (Südslowenien); P. maculipennis sp.n. (Nordwest- Iran); P. matarata sp.n. (Süd-Iran); P. spinosa sp.n. (China: Gansu); P. virilis sp.n. (Kaukasusregion: Russland, Armenien); Tectusa acrilobata sp.n (Erimanthos); T. apanoica sp.n. (Menalo); T. chelmosica sp.n. (Aroania); T. fimbriata sp.n. (Panahaiko); T. latilobata sp.n. (Giona, Iti, Parnassos); T. menaloica sp.n. (Menalo); T. parnonica sp.n. (Parnon); T. pauli sp.n. (Aroania); T. taygetana sp.n. (Taygetos); T. vodiasa sp.n. (Panahaiko). Alle neu beschriebenen Tectusa-Arten sind in Griechenland und hier, mit Ausnahme von T. latilobata, auf der Peloponnes verbreitet. Neun zuvor Tectusa zugeordnete Arten aus Anatolien und den Karpathen werden in die Gattung Duplocyusa gen.n. (Typusart Oxypoda uludaghensis Fagel, 1971), die Arten aus den Karpathen werden der Untergattung Carpocyusa subgen.n. (Typusart Tectusa nigromontis Zerche, 2007) zugeordnet: Duplocyusa (Duplocyusa) uludaghensis Fagel, 1971, comb.n.; Duplocyusa (Carpocyusa) nigromontis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) bucegiensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) transsylvanica (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rosenauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) ceahlauensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) rodnaensis (Zerche, 2007), comb.n.; D. (C.) calimaniensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n.; D. (C.) iucasensis (Zerche, 2008), comb.n. In einem Anhang zu verschiedenen Gattungen der Oxypodina werden folgende Revalidierung, Synonymisierungen und Neukombinationen vorgenommen, und fünf Arten werden beschrieben: Eurylophus J. Sahlberg, 1876, revalidiert = Drepasiagonusa Pace, 2012, syn.n.; Eurylophus grandiceps J. Sahlberg, 1876, comb.n. = Drepasiagonusa feldmanni (Assing, 2018), syn.n.; Eurylophus smetanai (Pace, 2012), comb.n.; E. procerus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. tibeticus (Assing, 2018), comb.n.; E. angulatus (Assing, 2018), comb.n. (alle Eurylophus-Arten außer E. grandiceps ex Drepasiagonusa); “Cousya” lobifera Pace, 2015 (vermutlich einer unbeschriebenen Gattung zugehörig); Cousya luteipennis sp.n. (Usbekistan); Parocalea tenebricosa sp.n. (Russischer Ferner Osten); Trichoglossina taiwafimbriata (Pace, 2010), comb.n. (ex Oxypoda); Trichoglossina retunsa sp.n. (China: Yunnan); T. tricuspidata sp.n. (China: Yunnan); Chinecousya globosa sp.n. (China: Yunnan). Für Chilopora antennata Eppelsheim, 1878, C. baicalensis Eppelsheim, 1893, C. ripicola Cameron, 1939 und C. championi Cameron, 1939 werden Lektotypen designiert. Die Verbreitungsgebiete von Parocyusa rubicunda, einer Art mit großflächig parthenogenetischen Populationen, und von 17 Tectusa-Arten werden anhand von Karten illustriert. Zahlreiche Neunachweise werden gemeldet.

The Anotylus rufus species group, formerly known only from the island of “Ceylon” is re-examined. The following new synonyms are proposed: Anotylus rufus (Kraatz, 1859) = Oligota niobe Fernando, 1959, syn.n, = Deinopsis henryi Fernando, 1960, syn.n. and Oxytelus migrator Fauvel, 1904 = Deinopsis butschlii Fernando, 1960, syn.n. All species are illustrated by colour photos of habitus and line drawings of male terminalia and genitalia and female genitalia.
Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae, Anotylus, Oxytelus, taxonomy, new synonymy, Oriental Region, India, Sri Lanka.

Zusammenfassung
Die Anotylus rufus-Gruppe, früher nur von der Insel „Ceylon“ bekannt, wird erneut untersucht. Die folgenden Synonyme werden vorgeschlagen: Anotylus rufus (Kraatz, 1859) = Oligota niobe Fernando, 1959, syn.n. = Deinopsis henryi Fernando, 1960, syn.n. und Oxytelus migrator Fauvel, 1904 = Deinopsis butschlii Fernando, 1960, syn.n. Der Habitus aller Arten wird durch Farbfotos dargestellt, die Genitalien und Terminalia durch Strichzeichnungen.

The following new species, all except one preserved at the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, are described and illustrated: Thyreocephalus helvus sp.n. (Malaysia), Thyreocephalus holzschuhi sp.n. (Laos), Paratesba phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Oculolabrus helvomarginatus sp.n. (Laos), Oculolabrus phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Achmonia malaysiana sp.n. (Malaysia), Achmonia phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Achmonia bella sp.n. (Laos) and Achmonia matejiceki sp.n. (Vietnam). Thyreocephalus depressus Bordoni, 2013 is a new record for Vietnam and Laos.
Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Xantholinini, Thyreocephalus, Paratesba, Oculolabrus, Achmonia, new species, new records, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia.

Zusammenfassung
Die folgenden neuen Arten, alle außer einer im Naturhistorischen Museum Wien deponiert, werden beschrieben und abgebildet: Thyreocephalus helvus sp.n. (Malaysia), Thyreocephalus holzschuhi sp.n. (Laos), Paratesba phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Oculolabrus helvomarginatus sp.n. (Laos), Oculolabrus phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Achmonia malaysiana sp.n. (Malaysia), Achmonia phoupan sp.n. (Laos), Achmonia bella sp.n. (Laos) und Achmonia matejiceki sp.n. (Vietnam). Thyreocephalus depressus Bordoni, 2013 wird zum ersten Mal für Vietnam und Laos gemeldet.

The riffle bug Perittopus maculatus Paiva, 1919 was described from the Garo Hills in Northeast India, but its taxonomic definition was not clear, because the original description did not consider sexual characters that are important for a modern taxonomic interpretation. Therefore, a full redescription is provided based on specimens collected near the type locality and deposited in the Natural History Museum Vienna. The newly recognized characters of P. maculatus confirm a close relationship with the species of Southeast Asia, but not with the species known from southern India.
Key words: Perittopinae, taxonomy, description, Meghalaya.

Zusammenfassung
Der Bachläufer Perittopus maculatus Paiva, 1919 wurde von den Garo Hills in Nordostindien beschrieben, doch blieb seine taxonomische Abgrenzung unklar, da die Originalbeschreibung nicht jene Sexualmerkmale berücksichtigt, welche für eine moderne taxonomische Interpretation entscheidend sind. Deshalb liefern wir eine vollständige Wiederbeschreibung dieser Art. Diese basiert auf Exemplaren, welche nahe der Typuslokalität gesammelt wurden und im Naturhistorischen Museum in Wien aufbewahrt sind. Die neu erkannten Merkmale von P. maculatus bestätigen eine nahe Verwandtschaft mit den Arten Südostasiens, aber nicht mit jenen aus dem Süden Indiens.

The asopine Podisus gaumeri Distant, 1889 is removed from the synonymy with Tyrannocoris jole (Stål, 1862) and transferred to the genus Tylospilus Stål, 1870. This decision is based on the examination of type specimens of several species of Tyrannocoris Thomas, 1992 and Tylospilus. Tylospilus gaumeri comb.n. et stat.rev. has the lateral margins of the pronotum sinuous, and the ostiolar peritreme reaches less than half of the metapleural width, which is in accordance with the generic characteristics of Tylospilus. On the other hand, Tyrannocoris is characterized by the lateral margins of the pronotum almost rectilinear and smooth, and the ostiolar peritreme reaches two-thirds of the metapleural width.
Key words: Asopinae, Podisus, taxonomy, Tyrannocoris.

Zusammenfassung
Die Asopinae Podisus gaumeri Distant, 1889, wird aus der Synonymie mit Tyrannocoris jole (Stål, 1862) gelöst und in die Gattung Tylospilus Stål, 1870, gestellt. Diese Entscheidung beruhte auf der Untersuchung von Typusexemplaren mehrerer Arten der Gattungen Tyrannocoris Thomas, 1992 und Tylospilus. Bei Tylospilus gaumeri comb.n. et stat.rev. sind die seitlichen Ränder des Pronotum geschwungen und das ostiolare Peritrem nimmt weniger als die Hälfte der Metapleuronbreite ein, was mit den Gattungsmerkmalen von Tylospilus übereinstimmt. Tyrannocoris andererseits ist durch fast geradlinige und glatte Seitenränder des Pronotum und ein ostiolares Peritrem gekennzeichnet, das zwei Drittel der Metapleuronbreite einnimmt.

During the second half of the 19th century, Ferdinand Morawitz (1827-1896) was one of the most significant apidologists. He preferably described his new species in the journal “Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae”, but some preprints with imprinted earlier publication dates do exist. Such preprints can be found, e. g., in a casebound print collection in the Natural History Museum Vienna, in the Zoological State Collection in Munich, and in private collections, too. According to the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, such preprints are valid for descriptions of new species, but only some of them have been considered for Morawitz in the past. For the stability of the scientific names, which includes the publication year following the author’s name, investigations were carried out. They lead to several changes regarding the year of publication.
Ferdinand Morawitz lived in St. Petersburg, but his parents came from Silesia. His special connections with the Natural History Museum Vienna were traced, and his (at least) four collecting trips to Central Europe documented – two to Switzerland, one to southern Germany and one to the South Tyrol.
Key words: Ferdinand Morawitz, bees, publication date, preprints, taxonomy, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Zusammenfassung
Ferdinand Morawitz (1827–1896) war einer der bedeutendsten Apidologen der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Vorzugsweise beschrieb er seine neuen Arten in der Zeitschrift „Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae“, wobei manche Sonderdrucke als Vorausdrucke mit eingedruckten früheren Publikationsdaten existieren. Diese befinden sich unter anderem in einer gebundenen Sonderdrucksammlung im Naturhistorischen Museum Wien, in der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München und auch in privaten Sammlungen. Solche Vorausdrucke sind für Artbeschreibungen nach dem Internationalen Codex der Zoologischen Nomenklatur gültig. Sie wurden bei Morawitz bisher aber nur teilweise beachtet. Um Stabilität in die wissenschaftlichen Namen zu bringen, zu der auch nach dem Autor das Publikationsjahr anzuführen ist, wurden diese Recherchen durchgeführt. Diese führten zu einigen Änderungen hinsichtlich des Publikationsjahres.
Ferdinand Morawitz lebte in St. Petersburg, doch seine Eltern stammten aus Schlesien. Daher wurden erstmals die Spuren seiner besonderen Beziehungen zum Naturhistorischen Museum Wien untersucht, sowie seine zumindest vier Sammelreisen nach Mitteleuropa, zwei in die Schweiz, eine in den Süden Deutschlands und eine nach Südtirol.

This paper gives an overview of the Department of Botany (Herbarium W) at the Natural History Museum Vienna; it is the first of its kind in more than 40 years and the first in English. The historical background provides a framework for understanding collections' development and challenges unique to W. Major herbaria incorporated and families lost in World War II are listed and the changing arrangement of the collections over time is highlighted. The collections' long and complex history has always meant that curators were faced with considerable challenges. These have implications both for today's state of the collections and for scientists using them for research. To guarantee reproducibility of that research, correct citation of specimens at W (and elsewhere) is crucial. At W, the system used until the present was to cite acquisition numbers of individual specimens, which were introduced in 1879 for administrative purposes and long thought to represent unique numbers. However, this system has been notoriously difficult to follow for external scientists and considerable series of numbers remained ambiguous without additional knowledge. Therefore, we illustrate and explain the different ways W specimens were acquired, acquisitioned, catalogued, and numbered over time using records in JACQ. This is a consortium of virtual herbaria that started as databasing platform for the herbaria in Vienna (W and WU). To settle ambiguities arising during systematic databasing and digitization efforts, we recently introduced QR-codes and a unique stable identifier system. These identifiers should be used to cite any W specimens from now on. In addition to traditional usage, our specimens are increasingly sampled for molecular research. Since W supports the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol, relevant regulations need to be considered when requesting material for any molecular studies. To facilitate requests and utilization of our material for external researchers, we summarize the most important points as a best practice guideline. Finally, the crucial role of volunteer contributions to workflows at W is highlighted. Besides supporting curators and preparators, volunteers also engage in citizen science at the museum.
Key words: Digitization, JACQ, curation, nomenclatural types, QR codes, persistent unique identifiers

In the course of a revision of the New World Ebenaceae for "Flora Neotropica" and some regional floras, specimens from ca. 100 herbaria have been studied. Diospyros miroma B.Walln. is described as a new species from southeastern Bahia in Brazil. The Brazilian endemics D. ketun B.Walln. from Minas Gerais and the state of Rio de Janeiro, D. mexiae Standl. from eastern Minas Gerais, and D. amabi B.Walln. from southeastern Bahia and Espirito Santo are here described in detail. Figures, distribution maps, vernacular names, information on habitat, lists of specimens, and an identification key are included.
Key words: Ebenaceae, Diospyros amabi, ketun, mexiae, miroma, revision, taxonomy, distribution map, Flora of South America.

Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen einer Revision der neuweltlichen Ebenaceae fur "Flora Neotropica" und einigen Regionalfloren konnten Herbarbelege aus ca. 100 Herbarien studiert werden. Diospyros miroma B.Walln. wird als neue Art aus dem südöstlichen Bahia in Brasilien beschrieben. Die brasilianischen Endemiten D. ketun B.Walln. aus Minas Gerais und dem Staate Rio de Janeiro, D. mexiae Standl. aus dem östlichen Minas Gerais und D. amabi B.Walln. aus dem südöstlichen Bahia und Espirito Santo werden eingehend beschrieben. Abbildungen, Verbreitungskarten, Volksnamen, Angaben zum Habitat, Listen der gesehenen Herbarbelege, sowie ein Bestimmungsschlüssel werden präsentiert.

Two specimens of an unknown hybrid of Verbascum olympicum Boiss. and. V. thapsus L. were found in the herbaria of Budapest (BP) and Vienna (W). The hybrid originated in the botanical garden of Innsbruck in 1878 and was labelled with the unpublished name V. eximium by its collector Berthold Stein. Since this hybrid has not been mentioned in literature before, all data available for it are presented here.
Key words: botanical garden, Berthold Stein, BP, W, Innsbruck

Digitization of natural history objects brings about numerous challenges for the housing institutions, data aggregators and the scientific community as a whole. This is especially true with respect to data management. Based on the experiences at the Department of Botany of the Natural History Museum Vienna we illustrate one major common problem: referencing people names. We focus on collectors as a subset of people associated with objects. Problems and possible ways of unambiguously referencing collector names in collection management systems and global online platforms (such as GBIF) by using persistent unique identifiers (e. g., Wikidata, GND, VIAF, or ORCID) for these names are outlined. The example of G.W.H. Schimper, who is best known for collecting 100,000s of specimens in Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia and Saudi Arabia in the 19th century, is used to demonstrate the importance of primary (e. g., biographical) data and its open availability in this context. To close gaps and settle uncertainties in publicly recommended authority lists, several biographical details for G.W.H. Schimper are presented and verified by offical documents and their transcripts: date and place of birth, sequence of given names, and date and place of marriage of his parents.
Key words: Collection Management Systems, JACQ, Disambiguation, biographical data, Schimper